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Audio Loudness Measurement | Tektronix
https://www.tek.com/en/documents/how-guide/audio-loudness-measurement#:~:text=The%20ITU-R%20BS.1770%20standard%20%28algorithms%20to%20measure%20audio,specific%20high%20pass%20filter%20defined%20within%20the%20standard.
Audio levels and loudness - ITU
https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/rep/R-REP-BS.2054-2005-PDF-E.pdf
When measured with a PPM or digital equivalent type meter, the normal audio level of programme material will be indicated typically in the range of +8 to +11 dB above alignment level. 8 Peak audio level In the digital domain audio peaks should not exceed –9 dBFS, i.e. peak excursions should not be more than 11 dB above the alignment level.
BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) - ITU
https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/rep/R-REP-BS.2054-2-2011-PDF-E.pdf
average audio level is zero VU and the quasi peak level is some 11 dB above alignment level then there will be some 9 dB range before digital clipping occurs. Rep. ITU-R BS.2054-2 5
RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.1771-1 - Requirements …
https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bs/R-REC-BS.1771-1-201201-I!!PDF-E.pdf
Recommendation ITU-R BS.1864 specifies a target operating loudness level of −24 LKFS. Some organizations may specify operation at different levels. The chosen operating loudness level corresponds to 0 LU on a loudness meter that indicates relative loudness.
Loudness in Internet delivery of broadcast ... - ITU
https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/rep/R-REP-BS.2434-2018-PDF-E.pdf
Recommendation ITU-R BS.1864 specifies the target loudness level of digital television programmes as −24 LKFS (full programme-mix or normal dialogue) in international exchange. ITU-R has not set any target loudness levels for distribution and emission of broadcast programmes. The target loudness level of Internet delivery services is determined by each …
BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) - ITU
https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/rep/R-REP-BS.2054-4-2014-PDF-E.pdf
Audio loudness level The reading from an audio loudness meter, typically conforming with Recommendation ITU-R BS.1770. dBFS Audio level in decibels relative to clipping point (“full scale”) in a digital audio system. LKFS Loudness level on …
BS.1770 : Algorithms to measure audio programme …
https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BS.1770/en
Algorithms to measure audio programme loudness …
https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bs/R-REC-BS.1770-4-201510-I!!PDF-E.pdf
1 that when an objective measure of the loudness of an audio channel or programme, produced with up to 5 main channels per Recommendation ITU-R BS.775 (mono source, stereo and 3/2 multichannel sound), is required to facilitate programme delivery and exchange, the algorithm
LOUDNESS NORMALISATION AND PERMITTED MAXIMUM …
https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/r/r128.pdf
the permitted maximum level of an audio signal specified in ITU-R BS.645 [2] is no longer appropriate; e) that an international standard for measuring audio programme loudness has been defined in ITU-R BS.1770 [3], introducing the measures LU (Loudness Unit) and LUFS (Loudness Units, referenced to Full Scale)1;
Techniques for Establishing and Maintaining Audio …
https://www.atsc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Techniques-for-establishing-and-maintaining-audio-loudness.pdf
ATSC A/85:2013 Establishing and Maintaining Audio Loudness 12 March 2013 7 Index of Figures and Tables Figure 5.1 ITU-R BS.1770 loudness algorithm. 15 Figure 7.1 Fixed metadata concept. 20 Figure 7.2 The preset metadata concept. 21
Loudness Standards - Full Comparison Table (music, film ...
https://youlean.co/loudness-standards-full-comparison-table/
Use case: Recommendation for Loudness of Audio Streaming and Network File Playback. Min Integrated: -20 LUFS. Max Integrated: –16 LUFS. Max True Peak: …
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