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PulseAudio - ArchWiki
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PulseAudio#:~:text=ALSA%20includes%20a%20Linux%20kernel%20component%20with%20sound,but%20offers%20compatibility%20with%20libasound%20through%20pulseaudio-alsa.%20
PipeWire: PulseAudio compatibility
https://docs.pipewire.org/page_pulseaudio.html
PulseAudio compatibility . Internals - Mapping between ALSA and streams. This explains the mapping between alsa cards and streams and session manager objects. ALSA Cards. An ALSA card is exposed as a PipeWire device. Streams. Each alsa PCM is opened and a Node is created for each PCM stream.
PulseAudio and ALSA co-exist in EasyOS
https://bkhome.org/news/202010/pulseaudio-and-alsa-co-exist-in-easyos.html
The following steps allow you to make PulseAudio use dmix instead of grabbing ALSA hardware device. Remove package pulseaudio-alsa, which provides compatibility layer between ALSA applications and PulseAudio. After this your ALSA apps will use ALSA directly without being hooked by Pulse. Edit /etc/pulse/default.pa. Find and uncomment lines which …
What is the relation between ALSA and PulseAudio sound ...
https://askubuntu.com/questions/581128/what-is-the-relation-between-alsa-and-pulseaudio-sound-architecture
ALSA is unable by itself to be used by multiple applications, so PulseAudio provides this functionality among others. Summarized: ALSA - dealing with the hardware, basically owning it. PulseAudio - a software proxy providing additional featues (mixing, equalizer) between your application and the ALSA/OSS subsystem.
Noob’s Guide to Linux Audio: ALSA, OSS, and Pulse Audio ...
https://linuxhint.com/guide_linux_audio/
PulseAudio also brings cross-platform compatibility (FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Linux, Illumos, Solaris, macOS, and, in a limited fashion, Microsoft Windows). If you want to control PulseAudio directly, instead of interacting with it through a volume control widget or panel of some sorts, you can install PulseAudio Volume Control (called pavucontrol in most package repositories).
ALSA does not go through PulseAudio | Knowledge Base ...
https://www.codeweavers.com/support/wiki/Diag/NonPulseAudioAlsa
The core issue is that only one process can access the sound card at a given time and it's the responsibility of PulseAudio and ALSA to arbitrate and mix the audio from all the applications that try to play or capture sounds. But when both are installed they will conflict too unless ALSA is set up to go through the PulseAudio backend.
PulseAudio - NixOS Wiki
https://nixos.wiki/wiki/PulseAudio
Explicit PulseAudio support in applications. Normally, the system-wide ALSA configuration (/etc/asound.conf) redirects the audio of applications which use the ALSA API through PulseAudio. For this reason, most applications do not need to be PulseAudio-aware. Some NixOS packages can be built with explicit PulseAudio support which is disabled by default.
Modules – PulseAudio
https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/Modules/
module-alsa-card. Creates a PulseAudio card for an ALSA card. The "device_id" argument is mandatory, it tells PulseAudio which ALSA card to use. card_name Name for the PulseAudio card. card_properties Extra properties to be stored in the card's property list. sink_name Name to be used by the card's sinks.
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