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Q. What are the reference levels in digital audio systems?
https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-are-reference-levels-digital-audio-systems
The professional standard reference is +4dBu, while the semi-pro reference is -10dBV, and, because these two figures use different reference points, there is just under 12dB of difference between the two.
Reference Level - Part One - Power Sound Audio
https://www.powersoundaudio.com/pages/reference-level-part-one
Reference level simply means that a recognized signal will be produced at a certain volume level at the seating position / microphone position. That's it. When calibrating the system the recognized signal is usually band limited (500hz to 2000hz for the full range channels) pink noise recorded at -30dBFS.
THX reference level explained - Acoustic Frontiers
http://www.acousticfrontiers.com/2013314thx-reference-level/
Reference level is a calibrated volume setting used for both movie production (in dubbing stages and post production houses) and reproduction (in screening rooms and theaters). The human hearing system is non-linear, especially in the bass, so having a consistent playback level – a reference – is critical if the mix is to translate from one production house to another …
Reference Levels - What are they and how to get them ...
https://www.avforums.com/threads/reference-levels-what-are-they-and-how-to-get-them.1860487/
A reference level is the PEAK level (in terms of output SPL in decibels) when the digital audio sample is also at its PEAK (ie '0 dB'). You can use any level of your choosing but generally when people talk about 'reference level' they mean Dolby Reference Level which has a well-defined meaning (from Dolby) and that is 105 dB (115 dB for LFE but the receiver …
Understanding Signal Levels in Audio Gear - inSync
https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/understanding-signal-levels-audio-gear/
Professional audio equipment adheres to the professional line-level standard that is technically +4dBu (Sorry!), commonly referred to as just +4. Back in the days when we used tape machines and consoles, we aligned all the machines so that an input or output level of +4dBu translated to 0 on the VU meters. What This Means to You
What is "reference" level? | AVS Forum
https://www.avsforum.com/threads/what-is-reference-level.1252556/
As mojo stated 75 db's is what you use to set your levels. Reference levels are 105 db's peak in any given channel full range. LFE is 115 db's peak. 85 db's is the average so if you are listening to 75 db's average then you are 10db's lower …
Audio levels – IPS
https://ips.org.uk/encyclopedia/audio-levels/
Domestic/consumer equipment is usually built with a much lower reference signal level which is normally defined as -10 dBV. In this case the V indicates that the reference signal is 1 Volt. Again, if you do the sums you discover that -10 dBV implies a signal of 0.316 Volts.
Volume Display, 0dB, Reference Level - how is it all ...
https://forums.audioholics.com/forums/threads/volume-display-0db-reference-level-how-is-it-all-related.68081/
A reference level is the PEAK level (in terms of output SPL in decibels) when the digital audio sample is also at its PEAK (ie '0 dB').
What is "reference level"? | Home Theater Forum and …
https://www.hometheatershack.com/threads/what-is-reference-level.24761/
85db is actually reference level, and in order to have a reference capable system, you need 20db dynamic headroom from each channel. 75db is what some discs or receivers have you calibrate to using their test tones simply because 10db …
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